Оптичні матеріали на основі системи ZnF₂-ZnS
Альтернативна назва
Optical materials based on the ZnF₂-ZnS system
Ескіз недоступний
Дата
2026
Науковий керівник
Укладач
Редактор
Назва журналу
ISSN
2304-0947
E-ISSN
2414-5963
Назва тому
Видавець
Одеський національний університет імені І. І. Мечникова
Анотація
Проведено синтез ZnF₂, що відбувався при взаємодії фторидної кислоти з цинковим пилом. Методом рентгенівського фазового аналізу виявлено домішку ZnF₂·4H₂O у синтезованому продукті з вмістом 10%, що також було підтверджено методом ІЧ спектроскопії. Показано, що термообробка синтезованого ZnF₂ у вакуумі, призвела до видалення кристалізаційної води з ZnF₂·4H₂O. Зроблено висновок, що результатом термообробки є утворення ZnO, який погіршує оптичні властивості тонкоплівкових покриттів, одержаних з системи на основі ZnF₂. Встановлено, що сам ZnF₂ утворює не надто міцне покриття, що є наслідком передчасного перегорання випарника через імовірну наявність домішки ZnO. Аналогічною є дія домішки ZnO у ZnS. Для зменшення негативного ефекту запропоновано додавати ZnS, який зв’язує оксидну домішку у складну сполуку і, як наслідок, покращує оптичні властивості покриття, одержаного з ZnF₂. Показано, що спостерігається погіршення властивостей покриття, одержаного з ZnF₂ з добавкою ZnS, що містить домішку ZnO. Виявлено, що добавка ZnS, що не містить оксидної домішки, покращує властивості базового матеріалу. Зроблено висновок, що ZnF₂, є перспективним для застосування як матеріалу інтерференційної оптики з низьким показником заломлення.
The aim of this work is the development of a synthesis method for zinc fluoride and the optimization of its preparation conditions, taking into account its high practical significance. In particular, the prospects of its use as a material in interference optics are demonstrated. The advantages of synthesizing ZnF₂ using finely dispersed zinc (zinc powder) and concentrated hydrofluoric acid are shown. It was established that during synthesis, a crystalline hydrate of the composition ZnF₂·4H₂O is formed as an impurity, which negatively affects the properties of the main synthesis product. It was revealed that the hydrate impurity primarily influences the operational characteristics of ZnF₂, since ZnO, a harmful impurity, is formed during thermal treatment. To minimize the negative impact of ZnO impurities, the addition of ZnS was proposed, which binds zinc oxide into oxysulfide-type compounds. Experimental tests confirmed the feasibility of introducing such an additive. It was shown that pure ZnF₂ forms coatings of insufficient strength due to its hygroscopicity. Two samples of ZnF₂–ZnS system materials were synthesized, both of which demonstrated significantly lower hygroscopicity. It was shown that this substantially affects the operational properties of materials with ZnS additives. While the material with the additive containing oxide impurity exhibited unsatisfactory operational properties (the coating degraded), the second, without oxide impurity, demonstrated sufficiently high mechanical strength of the coating, indicating that the goal was at least partially achieved. It was concluded that in this case, the influence of the acid–base factor on the mechanical and optical properties of both the materials themselves and the coatings based on them cannot be excluded. From the interference curves of transmittance and reflectance versus wavelength, the refractive indices of the materials in thin-film coatings were calculated. They are 1.60, 1.72, and 1.61, respectively, for ZnF₂, ZnF₂–ZnS (with and without oxide impurity). A conclusion was made about the possibility of using ZnS without oxide impurity to improve the operational properties of the base material, ZnF₂. In the future, ZnF₂ may be applied not only in interference optics but also as an effective component in glasses transparent in the UV spectral range.
The aim of this work is the development of a synthesis method for zinc fluoride and the optimization of its preparation conditions, taking into account its high practical significance. In particular, the prospects of its use as a material in interference optics are demonstrated. The advantages of synthesizing ZnF₂ using finely dispersed zinc (zinc powder) and concentrated hydrofluoric acid are shown. It was established that during synthesis, a crystalline hydrate of the composition ZnF₂·4H₂O is formed as an impurity, which negatively affects the properties of the main synthesis product. It was revealed that the hydrate impurity primarily influences the operational characteristics of ZnF₂, since ZnO, a harmful impurity, is formed during thermal treatment. To minimize the negative impact of ZnO impurities, the addition of ZnS was proposed, which binds zinc oxide into oxysulfide-type compounds. Experimental tests confirmed the feasibility of introducing such an additive. It was shown that pure ZnF₂ forms coatings of insufficient strength due to its hygroscopicity. Two samples of ZnF₂–ZnS system materials were synthesized, both of which demonstrated significantly lower hygroscopicity. It was shown that this substantially affects the operational properties of materials with ZnS additives. While the material with the additive containing oxide impurity exhibited unsatisfactory operational properties (the coating degraded), the second, without oxide impurity, demonstrated sufficiently high mechanical strength of the coating, indicating that the goal was at least partially achieved. It was concluded that in this case, the influence of the acid–base factor on the mechanical and optical properties of both the materials themselves and the coatings based on them cannot be excluded. From the interference curves of transmittance and reflectance versus wavelength, the refractive indices of the materials in thin-film coatings were calculated. They are 1.60, 1.72, and 1.61, respectively, for ZnF₂, ZnF₂–ZnS (with and without oxide impurity). A conclusion was made about the possibility of using ZnS without oxide impurity to improve the operational properties of the base material, ZnF₂. In the future, ZnF₂ may be applied not only in interference optics but also as an effective component in glasses transparent in the UV spectral range.
Опис
Ключові слова
фторид Цинку, тонкоплівкове покриття, ІЧ спектроскопія, люмінесценція, рентгенівський фазовий аналіз, інтерференційна оптика, синтез, zinc fluoride, thin film coating, IR spectroscopy, luminescence, X-ray phase analysis, interference optics
Бібліографічний опис
Оптичні матеріали на основі системи ZnF₂-ZnS / А. В. Бабенко, В. Ф. Зінченко, О. В. Мозкова, І. Р. Магунов, П. Г. Дога. Вісник Одеського національного університету. Хімія. 2026. Т. 31, вип. 1(91). С. 58–69.
УДК
546.47:546.16.22