Особливості берегів глибокого Тилігульського лиману (північне узбережжя Чорного моря)
Альтернативна назва
Features of the coasts of the deep Tylihul Liman (Northern coast of the Black Sea)
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Файли
Дата
2026
Науковий керівник
Укладач
Редактор
Назва журналу
ISSN
2303-9914
E-ISSN
2415-315X
Назва тому
Видавець
Одеський національний університет імені І. І. Мечникова
Анотація
Стаття визначає та аналізує природні особливості Тилігульського лиману, одного із найбільших на класичному узбережжі лиманного типу, у північній частині неприпливного Чорного моря. Він є приморським озером, ерозійного походження, яке заповнене морською водою протягом голоцену, згодом відокремлене від моря широким піщано-чурупковим пересипом. Довжина водойми 80 км, ширина від 5 до 0,5 км на різних ділянках. Найбільша глибина близько 26 м, пересічна 4,6 м, довжина пересічної берегової лінії 168 км. Переважають абразійно-обвальні кліфи, другорядними є абразійно-зсувні кліфи. Серед акумулятивних форм в лимані розташовані коси, переважно азовського типу, зустрічаються пляжі, пересипи, тераси. Вони складені переважно піщано-чурупковими наносами. Переважають фракції 0,1–0,25 мм та 0,25–0,5 мм, в основному карбонатні (до 80%), із малими домішками уламків вапняку та чурупкового детриту. Тилігульська пересип незвично широка, до 4 км. Лиман та його береги мають важливе селитебне, рекреаційне, рибальське, спортивне, туристичне значення. Існують заповідні осередки.
Problem Statement and Significance. The article identifies and analyzes the natural features of the Tylihul Liman, one of the largest classical lagoon-type coastal water bodies in the northern part of the non-tidal Black Sea. It is a coastal lake of erosional origin, filled with marine water during the Holocene and later separated from the sea by a wide the sand–shell barrier. The liman extends for about 80 km, with its width varying from 5 to 0.5 km. The maximum depth reaches nearly 26 m, while the average depth is 4.6 m, and the total shoreline length is 168 km. The coastline is dominated by abrasion–collapse cliffs, with abrasion–landslide cliffs being secondary. Among the accumulative forms, the liman contains spits, mostly of the Azov’s type, as well as beaches, barriers, and terraces formed mainly by sandyshell sediments. The liman and its shores have significant residential, recreational, fishery, sports, and tourist value, and include protected areas. Purpose and Tasks. The aim of this study is to investigate the natural characteristics of the shores of a typical liman within a classical liman-type coastal system (the Tylihul Liman) to ensure optimal and sustainable environmental management. To achieve this goal, several tasks were addressed: (1) to analyze the general characteristics of the liman; (2) to examine and assess the condition and features of its abrasion shores; (3) to identify the specific traits of its accumulative shores; (4) to study the sediment composition of the Tylihul barrier and determine the significance of this composition. Data and Methods. The materials for this study include field research data collected across the shores and catchment area of the Tylihul Liman. In addition to the authors’ observations [H. V. Vykhovanets; V. I. Husailov; V. V. Nevediuk], data from earlier researchers were used for geographical comparison. The research involved route reconnaissance surveys, cartographic analysis, morphometric measurements, and dialectical and spatio-temporal methods approaches. Repeated topographic surveys were conducted on key sections of abrasion and accumulative landforms. Methods of generalization, geographical analysis, and synthesis were applied, and standard geographic field instruments were used throughout the research. Results and Discussion. The liman’s location, size, depth, water quality, exogenous dissection, climate, and shoreline morphology and dynamics have contributed to the long-term human occupation and economic use of the area. Fishing, mariculture, recreation, and, more recently, sports and tourism have been actively developing. The liman is distinguished by its long shoreline, unusually great depth, and exposure to intensive airflows, leading to highly dynamic shoreline processing. This has resulted in high abrasion rates of the cliffs and the formation of numerous sandy spits. A pronounced dissection of the shoreline has developed, which is a typical for classical limans. At the same time, the abrasion shores continue to retreat, while accumulative forms demonstrate long-term stability. The Tylihul wave barrier is unusually wide (up to 4 km) and very low (up to +1.4 m). It originated 3.5 thousand years ago as an ingression bay and later expanded first toward the sea, and about 1.5 thousand years ago — laterally toward both the sea and the liman. Today the liman is a brackish lake that may be artificially replenished with seawater.
Problem Statement and Significance. The article identifies and analyzes the natural features of the Tylihul Liman, one of the largest classical lagoon-type coastal water bodies in the northern part of the non-tidal Black Sea. It is a coastal lake of erosional origin, filled with marine water during the Holocene and later separated from the sea by a wide the sand–shell barrier. The liman extends for about 80 km, with its width varying from 5 to 0.5 km. The maximum depth reaches nearly 26 m, while the average depth is 4.6 m, and the total shoreline length is 168 km. The coastline is dominated by abrasion–collapse cliffs, with abrasion–landslide cliffs being secondary. Among the accumulative forms, the liman contains spits, mostly of the Azov’s type, as well as beaches, barriers, and terraces formed mainly by sandyshell sediments. The liman and its shores have significant residential, recreational, fishery, sports, and tourist value, and include protected areas. Purpose and Tasks. The aim of this study is to investigate the natural characteristics of the shores of a typical liman within a classical liman-type coastal system (the Tylihul Liman) to ensure optimal and sustainable environmental management. To achieve this goal, several tasks were addressed: (1) to analyze the general characteristics of the liman; (2) to examine and assess the condition and features of its abrasion shores; (3) to identify the specific traits of its accumulative shores; (4) to study the sediment composition of the Tylihul barrier and determine the significance of this composition. Data and Methods. The materials for this study include field research data collected across the shores and catchment area of the Tylihul Liman. In addition to the authors’ observations [H. V. Vykhovanets; V. I. Husailov; V. V. Nevediuk], data from earlier researchers were used for geographical comparison. The research involved route reconnaissance surveys, cartographic analysis, morphometric measurements, and dialectical and spatio-temporal methods approaches. Repeated topographic surveys were conducted on key sections of abrasion and accumulative landforms. Methods of generalization, geographical analysis, and synthesis were applied, and standard geographic field instruments were used throughout the research. Results and Discussion. The liman’s location, size, depth, water quality, exogenous dissection, climate, and shoreline morphology and dynamics have contributed to the long-term human occupation and economic use of the area. Fishing, mariculture, recreation, and, more recently, sports and tourism have been actively developing. The liman is distinguished by its long shoreline, unusually great depth, and exposure to intensive airflows, leading to highly dynamic shoreline processing. This has resulted in high abrasion rates of the cliffs and the formation of numerous sandy spits. A pronounced dissection of the shoreline has developed, which is a typical for classical limans. At the same time, the abrasion shores continue to retreat, while accumulative forms demonstrate long-term stability. The Tylihul wave barrier is unusually wide (up to 4 km) and very low (up to +1.4 m). It originated 3.5 thousand years ago as an ingression bay and later expanded first toward the sea, and about 1.5 thousand years ago — laterally toward both the sea and the liman. Today the liman is a brackish lake that may be artificially replenished with seawater.
Опис
Ключові слова
Чорне море, узбережжя, Тилігульський лиман, берег, абразійний та акумулятивний рельєф, наноси, динаміка, господарство, Black Sea, coast, Tylihul Liman, shore, abrasion and accumulative relief, sediment, dynamic, economy
Бібліографічний опис
Вихованець Г. В., Неведюк В. В. Особливості берегів глибокого Тилігульського лиману (північне узбережжя Чорного моря). Вісник Одеського національного університету. Географічні та геологічні науки. 2026. Т. 31, вип. 1(48). С. 13–28.
УДК
532.593.7:551.3(262.5)