Захист авторського права у зв’язку із обігом невзаємозамінних токенів
Альтернативна назва
Copyright protection in connection with the circulation of non-fungible tokens
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Дата
2025
Науковий керівник
Укладач
Редактор
Назва журналу
ISSN
2411-2054
E-ISSN
Назва тому
Видавець
Фенікс
Анотація
Статтю присвячено захисту авторського права у контексті комерціалізації обігу невзаємозамінних токенів (NFT). Визначено основні характеристики цього виду токенів, особливості їх створення та продажу. Підкреслено, що визначальною особливістю NFT є їхня унікальність, яка досягається шляхом включення до блокчейну інформації про автора. Підкреслено, що переважно передача прав на NFT відбувається за смарт-контрактами, які, однак, не в змозі детально врегулювати усі умови передачі прав на токени та їх подальшого використання. Наголошено, що права на NFT не дорівнюють правам на первісний твір, що був токенізований творцем NFT. Рекомендовано, що для більш ефективного захисту авторських прав корисним є укладання додаткових угод. Одним з механізмів, який би підвищив надійність захисту авторських прав, міг би стати елемент додаткового людського контролю у процесі укладання смарт-контрактів.
The article is dedicated to copyright protection in the context of commercialization of the circulation of non-fungible tokens (NFT). The emergence of NFTs is a natural consequence of the rapid development of digital technologies, which cannot be stopped. The possibility of their commercial circulation, facilitated by the conclusion of smart contracts, and their high value cause significant interest in the creation of these tokens, which, however, may be based on dishonest intentions of NFT developers who, accelerating the creation process, use the works of other authors. The main characteristics of this type of tokens, the particularities of their creation and sale are determined in the article. It is emphasized that the defining feature of NFT is their uniqueness, which is achieved by including information about the author in the blockchain. It is emphasized that the transfer of rights to NFTs mainly occurs under smart contracts, which, however, are not able to regulate in detail all the conditions of the transfer of rights to tokens and their further use. It is emphasized that the rights to NFTs are not equal to the rights to the original work that was tokenized by the creator of the NFT. The simple possession of an NFT gives only the right to claim ownership of the token itself, as for the copyright to the original object, it usually remains with its author, unless its transfer is provided for by an additional agreement. In this regard, for more effective protection of copyright, it is recommended to conclude additional agreements, which would clarify the conditions of copyright transfer and NFT further use. As a result, the process of concluding transactions with non-fungible tokens requires the introduction of a mechanism, possibly based on human intervention, that would allow identifying the originality of the corresponding digital works. As for the bona fide authors of NFTs, they are also recommended to verify the copyright to the objects they use in the token issuance process.
The article is dedicated to copyright protection in the context of commercialization of the circulation of non-fungible tokens (NFT). The emergence of NFTs is a natural consequence of the rapid development of digital technologies, which cannot be stopped. The possibility of their commercial circulation, facilitated by the conclusion of smart contracts, and their high value cause significant interest in the creation of these tokens, which, however, may be based on dishonest intentions of NFT developers who, accelerating the creation process, use the works of other authors. The main characteristics of this type of tokens, the particularities of their creation and sale are determined in the article. It is emphasized that the defining feature of NFT is their uniqueness, which is achieved by including information about the author in the blockchain. It is emphasized that the transfer of rights to NFTs mainly occurs under smart contracts, which, however, are not able to regulate in detail all the conditions of the transfer of rights to tokens and their further use. It is emphasized that the rights to NFTs are not equal to the rights to the original work that was tokenized by the creator of the NFT. The simple possession of an NFT gives only the right to claim ownership of the token itself, as for the copyright to the original object, it usually remains with its author, unless its transfer is provided for by an additional agreement. In this regard, for more effective protection of copyright, it is recommended to conclude additional agreements, which would clarify the conditions of copyright transfer and NFT further use. As a result, the process of concluding transactions with non-fungible tokens requires the introduction of a mechanism, possibly based on human intervention, that would allow identifying the originality of the corresponding digital works. As for the bona fide authors of NFTs, they are also recommended to verify the copyright to the objects they use in the token issuance process.
Опис
Ключові слова
криптоактиви, невзаємозамінні токени, NFT, комерційний обіг, смарт-контракти, інтернет, авторське право, ліцензійна угода, право інтелектуальної власності, cryptoassets, non-fungible tokens, commercial circulation, smart contracts, Internet, copyright, license agreement, intellectual property law
Бібліографічний опис
Нігреєва О. О. Захист авторського права у зв’язку із обігом невзаємозамінних токенів / О. О. Нігреєва // Правова держава. – 2025. – № 58 : до 160-річчя ОНУ імені І. І. Мечникова. – С. 169–175.
УДК
347.211