Визначення та аналіз законів у теорії географічної науки та її галузей
Альтернативна назва
Definition and analysis of laws in the theory of geographical science and its branches
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Дата
2025
Науковий керівник
Укладач
Редактор
Назва журналу
ISSN
2303-9914
E-ISSN
2415-315X
Назва тому
Видавець
Одеський національний університет імені І. І. Мечникова
Анотація
Ця стаття визначає назви, аналізує, розглядає значення найголовніших географічних законів для подальшого розвитку географії в цілому та її окремих галузевих наук. Поточного часу створилися умови для розробки таких непрямих законів завдяки накопиченню досить численної та якісної географічної інформації, появи нових методів досліджень та дослідного приладдя, відповідних наукових технологій, розвитку методологічної бази. Визначені, названі, проаналізовані, обґрунтовані кілька найголовніших нових географічних законів. До них відносяться закони: а) географічної локальності; б) навколишнього впливу; в) ритмічної динаміки; г) Зенковича–Брууна, який відкарбовує еволюцію морських узбереж в умовах сучасних змін клімату та підсилення антропогенного впливу. Для сучасних умов стисло наводяться нові прочитання двох важливих географічних законів: ретроспективного та широтної географічної зональності. Всі вони сприяють подальшому розвитку теорії географії в інтересах раціонального (гармонічного) природокористування.
Problem statement. This article identifies, analyzes, and examines the significance of the most fundamental geographical laws for the further development of geography as a whole and its specific branch sciences. Currently, conditions have emerged for the development of such implicit laws due to the accumulation of extensive and high-quality geographical data, the emergence of new research methods and tools, corresponding scientific technologies, and advancements in methodological and general philosophical foundations. Several of the most significant new geographical laws have been identified, named, analyzed, and substantiated. These include the following laws: (a) the law of geographical locality; (b) the law of environmental influence; (c) the law of rhythmic dynamics; and (d) the Zenkovich–Bruun law, which encapsulates the evolution of marine coastlines under modern climate change and intensified anthropogenic impacts. Additionally, brief new interpretations of two important geographical laws – retrospective and latitudinal geographical zonality – are provided in the context of contemporary conditions. All of these laws contribute to the further development of geographical theory in the interests of rational (harmonious) environmental management. Purpose. At the current stage of geographical science development, our objective is to identify, define, formulate, and demonstrate the properties of the most fundamental geographical laws, highlighting their universal geographical significance in the interests of sustainable environmental management and the preservation of a healthy, productive environment as a habitat for humanity. Results. At present, both in Ukraine and globally, a substantial body of empirical data from geographical research has been accumulated, enabling the discovery, identification, formulation, and analysis of the essence of physical-geographical laws. These laws are grounded in the foundational principles of general scientific laws within the methodology of natural sciences. The discovery of such laws, along with the evaluation of their significance and applications, highlights advancements in the general theory of physical geography. This theoretical framework is increasingly capable of addressing practical needs in environmental management not only on a broad scale but also within specific sectoral and interdisciplinary geographical sciences. This development is particularly relevant in the context of intensified anthropogenic impacts on the elements and components of the geographical shell. The laws under consideration are assessed as leading principles for the current stage of geographical science. The availability of empirical data, qualitative and quantitative research methods, and the application of new technical tools provide opportunities to further develop the theory of physical geography, including the effective application of geographical laws in the future. The discovery, interpretation, and application of the presented geographical laws in the interests of optimal environmental management have become possible at this time, primarily due to the active and prioritized use of the system-dynamic paradigm. The spatial-territorial paradigm continues to be employed, as necessary, in relevant cases and specific natural conditions.
Problem statement. This article identifies, analyzes, and examines the significance of the most fundamental geographical laws for the further development of geography as a whole and its specific branch sciences. Currently, conditions have emerged for the development of such implicit laws due to the accumulation of extensive and high-quality geographical data, the emergence of new research methods and tools, corresponding scientific technologies, and advancements in methodological and general philosophical foundations. Several of the most significant new geographical laws have been identified, named, analyzed, and substantiated. These include the following laws: (a) the law of geographical locality; (b) the law of environmental influence; (c) the law of rhythmic dynamics; and (d) the Zenkovich–Bruun law, which encapsulates the evolution of marine coastlines under modern climate change and intensified anthropogenic impacts. Additionally, brief new interpretations of two important geographical laws – retrospective and latitudinal geographical zonality – are provided in the context of contemporary conditions. All of these laws contribute to the further development of geographical theory in the interests of rational (harmonious) environmental management. Purpose. At the current stage of geographical science development, our objective is to identify, define, formulate, and demonstrate the properties of the most fundamental geographical laws, highlighting their universal geographical significance in the interests of sustainable environmental management and the preservation of a healthy, productive environment as a habitat for humanity. Results. At present, both in Ukraine and globally, a substantial body of empirical data from geographical research has been accumulated, enabling the discovery, identification, formulation, and analysis of the essence of physical-geographical laws. These laws are grounded in the foundational principles of general scientific laws within the methodology of natural sciences. The discovery of such laws, along with the evaluation of their significance and applications, highlights advancements in the general theory of physical geography. This theoretical framework is increasingly capable of addressing practical needs in environmental management not only on a broad scale but also within specific sectoral and interdisciplinary geographical sciences. This development is particularly relevant in the context of intensified anthropogenic impacts on the elements and components of the geographical shell. The laws under consideration are assessed as leading principles for the current stage of geographical science. The availability of empirical data, qualitative and quantitative research methods, and the application of new technical tools provide opportunities to further develop the theory of physical geography, including the effective application of geographical laws in the future. The discovery, interpretation, and application of the presented geographical laws in the interests of optimal environmental management have become possible at this time, primarily due to the active and prioritized use of the system-dynamic paradigm. The spatial-territorial paradigm continues to be employed, as necessary, in relevant cases and specific natural conditions.
Опис
Ключові слова
географія, теорія, непрямі закони, природокористування, властивості, застосування, значення, geography, theory, implicit laws, environmental management, properties, application, significance
Бібліографічний опис
Шуйський Ю. Д. Визначення та аналіз законів у теорії географічної науки та її галузей / Ю. Д. Шуйський // Вісник Одеського національного університету. Географічні та геологічні науки. – 2025. – Т. 30, вип. 1(46). – С. 80–91.
УДК
577.4:911.2