(Одеський національний університет імені І. І. Мечникова, 2023) Grabina, Ganna V.; Грабіна, Ганна Вікторівна
NATO is to blame for provoking a “special military operation”, as Vladimir Putin called his invasion of Ukraine. Washington helped Kiev build secret biological weapons laboratories. Ukraine is being defended by the Nazis, and the world supports Moscow's attempts to liberate the country from the fascist regime. These and other narratives, as well as conspiracy theories used by Russian propaganda, can be found not only in the Russian media space, but also in the media of other countries. Although the threat from fake news is global, Bulgaria has become the zero (base) point for such disinformation to continue spreading almost uncontrollably within the European Union.