Перегляд за Автор "Parkhomenko, O. H."
Документ Geospatial aspects of child mortality research in Ukraine at the beginning of the XXI century(Одеський національний університет імені І. І. Мечникова, 2024) Kolomiiets, Kateryna V.; Parkhomenko, O. H.; Коломієць, Катерина Володимирівна; Пархоменко, О. Г.The demographic situation in Ukraine remains extremely tense, the mortality rate of populatuion is the largest in Europe. Mortality is an extremely informative indicator of public health in particular and level of socio-economic development of the country as a whole. For mortality affects the whole complex of factors: demographic, socio- economic, medical, natural biological, political, environmental, ethnic, etc. The article deals with a child mortality rate used to assess socio- economic development of regions, since child mortality is more sensitive to regional features and living conditions of the population. Today, the problem of reducing child mortality is becoming a special significance against the background of population reduction due to high mortality and low fertility. Dynamics of child mortality indicators for 1989 and 2020 by regions. In almost all administrative oblasts, we see a significant reduction in this indicator, this is due not to improve the state of medical care, or the improvement of the socio-economic level of the population of Ukraine, which is primarily due to the decrease in the birth rate of Ukraine and with a general depopulation situation. Such an indicator as mortality of young people aged from 0–18 years in 2020 positive changes in its declining. The considered indicators have a rather pustular territorial differentiation within the regions of Ukraine and is characterized both in spatial and in time ratios less stable than other geodemographic indicators.Документ Mortality of the population of Ukraine, modern transformations, social and economical factors(Одеський національний університет імені І. І. Мечникова, 2023) Parkhomenko, O. H.; Nefedova, Nina E.; Nikolaieva, Olena I.; Пархоменко, О. Г.; Нефедова, Ніна Євгенівна; Ніколаєва, Олена ІванівнаThe demographic situation in Ukraine remains extremely tense, the mortality rate of population is the largest in Europe. The aim of the research is to conduct a spatial – temporal analysis of the population’s mortality trend and identify the socio- economic reasons that set the direction for these trends. Mortality is an extremely informative indicator of public health in particular and level of socio- economic development of the country as a whole. For mortality affects the whole complex of factors: demographic, socio- economic, medical, natural biological, political, environmental, ethnic, etc. Ukraine is characterized by a relatively low life expectancy – 63 years for men and 74 years for women. There is an increase in morbidity in almost all types of diseases and insufficient level of development of medicine and health. In the modern mortality structure 82% of cases of deaths of Ukrainians are due to two reasons: diseases of the circulatory system and neoplasm. More than 53% of the population of Ukraine suffers from diseases of the circulation system, of which 9.3 million are persons of working age. The mortality rate from the disease of the circulatory system at the present stage has significant regional differences. The maximum level is observed in the South- Eastern industrial regions of Ukraine. The fight against premature mortality requires from the state of the target approach, understanding the regional specificity, inter- sectoral cooperation. The relevant national strategies should be developed; a number of necessary, possibly extraordinary, measures are required to overcome the above reasons for a high mortality rate.