Eingorn, MaximZhuk, Alexander2013-11-222013-11-22201212-th international astronomical Gamov conference-schoolhttps://dspace.onu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/393412-th Odessa International astronomical Gamow conference-school, "Astronomy and beyond: astrophysics, cosmology and gravitation, cosmomicrophysics, radio-astronomy and astrobiology" : program and abstracts, August 20-26, 2012 / "Astronomy and beyond: astrophysics, cosmology and gravitation, cosmomicrophysics, radio-astronomy and astrobiology", international astronomical Gamow conference-school (12;2012; Odessa) - ; chief I. N. Koval . – Odessa, 2012 . – 53 p.We consider the Universe deep inside of (he cell of uniformity. At these scales, the Universe is tilled with inhomogeneousiy distributed discrete structures (such as galaxies, their groups and clusters). These inhomogeneities perturb the homogeneous background, described satisfactorily by the Friedmann mode.engravitating sourcescosmological expansionArticle