M. Bakhtin's theory of biography, methodology of the Jewish studies and modern biographical strategies in humanities

Abstract

I follow for the American philosopher prof. Simon Critchley (New School, New York) and Ukrainian philosopher prof. Vadim Menzhulin (Kyiv Mohyla Academy) that have proposed the title biographical turn» approximately the same meaning as linguistic turn», narrative turn», anthropological turn» etc. The philosophical background of the biographical/autobiographical tradition in culture, the nature and ontology of biography/ autobiography were investigated by German thinkers Wilhelm Dilthey (1833- 1911) and George Misch (1878-1965).(1) In my opinion, it was the first biographical turn» in methodology of Humanities. I can specify on some prominent examples of the deep scientific investigation of the nature of biography as the social and the cultural phenomenon in Russian and Ukrainian tradition.