Трансформационные преобразования гидроокислов марганца из железо-марганцевых образований Мирового океана при температурном воздействии
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Дата
2014
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Одеський національний університет імені І. І. Мечникова
Анотація
Приведены данные изучения изменения минералогического состава железомар-ганцевых образований различных районов Мирового океана и Черного моря при на-гревании. Проведенные исследования позволили уточнить кристаллохимические особенности гидроокислов марганца, особенности температурных преобразований гидроокислов марганца различного генезиса и химического состава. Предложена схема трансформационных преобразований гидроокислов марганца при нагревании. Выявленные особенности могут быть использованы при разработке технологических процессов обогащения морских и океанических железо-марганцевых образований.
Наведено дані вивчення зміни мінералогічного складу залізоманганевих утворень різних районів Світового океану і Чорного моря при нагріванні. Дослідження, що були проведені дозволили вточнити кристалохімічні особливості гідроокіслів мангану, особливості температурних перетворень гідроокіслів мангану різного генезису і хімічного складу. Запропоновано схему трансформаційних перетворень гідроокіслів мангану при нагріванні. Виявлені особливості можуть бути використані при розробці технологічних процесів збагачення морських і океанічних залізо-манганевих утворень.
The paper is aimed at investigation and characterization as well as at crystal-chemical interpretation of products of thermo conversions of manganese hydroxides from ferroman-ganese deposits from different areas in the World Ocean. The results of research which are represented in this paper give notions about features of crystal-chemical conversions of man-ganese minerals with different types of crystal structure, different chemical composition and genesis when they are heated. This allows to generate new diagnostic criteria of these miner-als and valuation of such type of mineral resources. Such common minerals, in marine and oceanic nodules, as vemadite, bimessite, buzerit I, mixed-layer asbolan-buzerit, todorokit and pyrolusite, were selected for further research. The samples were taken in certain way to have one mineral phase of manganese hydroxide which is represented by two preparations: one of which is with high ratio of iron and manganese, and the other one with low ratio, and with different quantities of nickel, cobalt and copper. To study changes of mineral composition of ferromanganese deposits the samples were heated in consecutive order in the range of temperatures 20-900° C. The mineral composition of initial samples and the products of annealing was determined by means of x-ray diffraction. Transformations of manganese hydroxides under the influence of high temperatures are as follows: if iron is a dominant component in the initial sample, hematite and yakobsite will be formed; if manganese content will be increased in the initial sample then hematite is absent in the products of annealing and along with yakobsite such mineral as biksbiit ap-pears. Later on, with incensement of manganese content in the initial sample such mineral as gausmanite appears in the products of annealing which corresponds to the area of disruption of miscibility in the system. Along with farther incensement of the ratio between iron and manganese, such mineral as yakobsite cannot be formed anymore and the quantity of gaus-manite increases. Initial mineralogical composition of the sample determines the character of conversions of crystal lattice up to 700° C. The composition of the final products of annealing depends first of ail on the ratio Mn/Fe in the sample. Thus, the trend of transformation of manganese hydroxides from marine and oceanic ferromanganese deposits under the influence of heating depicts commonality of their structure. Under the influence of temperature on manganese-oxygen octahedrons only the way of connection between layers and bands and their order can be changed. The scheme of transformational conversions of manganese hydroxides is suggested in the paper.
Наведено дані вивчення зміни мінералогічного складу залізоманганевих утворень різних районів Світового океану і Чорного моря при нагріванні. Дослідження, що були проведені дозволили вточнити кристалохімічні особливості гідроокіслів мангану, особливості температурних перетворень гідроокіслів мангану різного генезису і хімічного складу. Запропоновано схему трансформаційних перетворень гідроокіслів мангану при нагріванні. Виявлені особливості можуть бути використані при розробці технологічних процесів збагачення морських і океанічних залізо-манганевих утворень.
The paper is aimed at investigation and characterization as well as at crystal-chemical interpretation of products of thermo conversions of manganese hydroxides from ferroman-ganese deposits from different areas in the World Ocean. The results of research which are represented in this paper give notions about features of crystal-chemical conversions of man-ganese minerals with different types of crystal structure, different chemical composition and genesis when they are heated. This allows to generate new diagnostic criteria of these miner-als and valuation of such type of mineral resources. Such common minerals, in marine and oceanic nodules, as vemadite, bimessite, buzerit I, mixed-layer asbolan-buzerit, todorokit and pyrolusite, were selected for further research. The samples were taken in certain way to have one mineral phase of manganese hydroxide which is represented by two preparations: one of which is with high ratio of iron and manganese, and the other one with low ratio, and with different quantities of nickel, cobalt and copper. To study changes of mineral composition of ferromanganese deposits the samples were heated in consecutive order in the range of temperatures 20-900° C. The mineral composition of initial samples and the products of annealing was determined by means of x-ray diffraction. Transformations of manganese hydroxides under the influence of high temperatures are as follows: if iron is a dominant component in the initial sample, hematite and yakobsite will be formed; if manganese content will be increased in the initial sample then hematite is absent in the products of annealing and along with yakobsite such mineral as biksbiit ap-pears. Later on, with incensement of manganese content in the initial sample such mineral as gausmanite appears in the products of annealing which corresponds to the area of disruption of miscibility in the system. Along with farther incensement of the ratio between iron and manganese, such mineral as yakobsite cannot be formed anymore and the quantity of gaus-manite increases. Initial mineralogical composition of the sample determines the character of conversions of crystal lattice up to 700° C. The composition of the final products of annealing depends first of ail on the ratio Mn/Fe in the sample. Thus, the trend of transformation of manganese hydroxides from marine and oceanic ferromanganese deposits under the influence of heating depicts commonality of their structure. Under the influence of temperature on manganese-oxygen octahedrons only the way of connection between layers and bands and their order can be changed. The scheme of transformational conversions of manganese hydroxides is suggested in the paper.
Опис
Вiсник Одеського нацiонального унiверситету = Вестник Одесского национального университета
Ключові слова
минералы марганца, преобразования кристаллической структуры, рентгеновская дифракция, мінерали мангану, перетворення кристалічної структури, рентгенівська дифракція, minerals manganese, conversion of the crystal structure, X-ray diffraction
Бібліографічний опис
Вісник Одеського національного університету = Odesa National University Herald