До характеристики культурного шару ранньотрипільського поселення Могильна ІІІ
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Дата
2018
Науковий керівник
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Видавець
Одеський національний університет імені І. І. Мечникова
Анотація
В роботі наводяться нові дані до дискусійних питань природи культурного шару на одному з найбільших ранньотрипільських поселень України – Могильна ІІІ (Гайворонський район Кіровоградської області). Стратиграфічний шурф прорізав берег яру, який обмежує пам’ятку з півночі. Простежено послідовність відкладів та зафіксовано, що пік кількості знахідок міститься в сірому підґрунті на глибинах -50-80 см від поверхні. Невелика, але виразна колекція, вперше частково зібрана в чітких стратиграфічних умовах, вказує на ймовірно пізнішу позицію Могильної ІІІ в межах хронологічного горизонту А3/4 раннього Трипілля Центральної України за періодизацією Н. Б. Бурдо.
The paper presents new data that could shed a light on the long-debated issues of the cultural layer of one of the largest Early Trypillian settlements in Ukraine, namely Mohyl’na III (Gaivoron district Kirovograd region). Author interprets recently obtained results on the stratigraphy and vertical distribution of finds in order to suggest the relative position and to estimate degree of destruction of the cultural layer of Mohyl’na III. The idea is that the only way to get some information about the site is to excavate it. Stratigraphical test-trench revealed a sequence with archaeological finds within. It was put on the shore of the gully that limits the northern part of the site. Test-trench over 120 cm deep revealed a typical chernozem soil structure on the yellow loess-like loam as a bottom of the excavation. The cultural layer seems to be very disturbed by slope processes and bioturbation; however it is detectable at the depth of 50-80 cm below the surface in the grey subsoil. Such a position is typical for Early Trypillian settlements of Central Ukraine. Vertical distribution of finds is not homogeneous. There are pronounced maxima at the depth of 50-80 cm and at the bottom of the test-trench (100-120 cm). Maybe this lower maximum of finds corresponds to “drop layer” of finds that lost their original position due to bioturbation. For the latter, compact sterile loam probably served as a kind of barrier. The upper maximum, particularly rich in bones, can in fact represent the rests of original habitation’s surface. The primary deposition of archaeological rests probably took place on this surface and later by soil formation, slope processes and bioturbation the archaeological finds were moved into “suspended” position and the cultural layer lost its original thinness instead rather transforming into 30-40 cm thick soil horizon. The “suspended” cultural layers are typical for steppe Paleolithic sites but are rarely described for early farmers’ settlements. In the latter case, the nature and distribution of cultural layer between features (buildings and pits) are almost unknown while some important activities of ancient people obviously took place out of their houses and were not reflected in their garbage collections (pits). Thus, the cultural layer of Early Trypillian site Mohyl’na III appeared to be well-saturated at least in some locations, however somewhat damaged by bioturbation and slope processes.
The paper presents new data that could shed a light on the long-debated issues of the cultural layer of one of the largest Early Trypillian settlements in Ukraine, namely Mohyl’na III (Gaivoron district Kirovograd region). Author interprets recently obtained results on the stratigraphy and vertical distribution of finds in order to suggest the relative position and to estimate degree of destruction of the cultural layer of Mohyl’na III. The idea is that the only way to get some information about the site is to excavate it. Stratigraphical test-trench revealed a sequence with archaeological finds within. It was put on the shore of the gully that limits the northern part of the site. Test-trench over 120 cm deep revealed a typical chernozem soil structure on the yellow loess-like loam as a bottom of the excavation. The cultural layer seems to be very disturbed by slope processes and bioturbation; however it is detectable at the depth of 50-80 cm below the surface in the grey subsoil. Such a position is typical for Early Trypillian settlements of Central Ukraine. Vertical distribution of finds is not homogeneous. There are pronounced maxima at the depth of 50-80 cm and at the bottom of the test-trench (100-120 cm). Maybe this lower maximum of finds corresponds to “drop layer” of finds that lost their original position due to bioturbation. For the latter, compact sterile loam probably served as a kind of barrier. The upper maximum, particularly rich in bones, can in fact represent the rests of original habitation’s surface. The primary deposition of archaeological rests probably took place on this surface and later by soil formation, slope processes and bioturbation the archaeological finds were moved into “suspended” position and the cultural layer lost its original thinness instead rather transforming into 30-40 cm thick soil horizon. The “suspended” cultural layers are typical for steppe Paleolithic sites but are rarely described for early farmers’ settlements. In the latter case, the nature and distribution of cultural layer between features (buildings and pits) are almost unknown while some important activities of ancient people obviously took place out of their houses and were not reflected in their garbage collections (pits). Thus, the cultural layer of Early Trypillian site Mohyl’na III appeared to be well-saturated at least in some locations, however somewhat damaged by bioturbation and slope processes.
Опис
Ключові слова
Енеоліт, Трипілля, стратиграфія, культурний шар, поселення, Chalcolithic, Trypillia, stratigraphy, cultural layer, settlements
Бібліографічний опис
Записки історичного факультету = Записки исторического факультета