Класифікація заходів кримінально-правового впливу з урахуванням ознак суб’єктів охоронних кримінально-правових відносин
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2018
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Стаття присвячена розгляду одного з дискусійних питань вітчизняного кримінального права - класифікації заходів кримінально-правового впливу, оскільки у нормах Запальної частини чинного Кримінального кодексу України законодавець досі не надав чіткої системи вказаних заходів. У статті як підстави класифікації розглядаються ознаки суб’єктів охоронних кримінально-правових відносин. Проаналізовано підстави застосування заходів кримінально-правового впливу щодо фізичних осіб, які скоїли злочин та визнаються суб’єктом злочину; фізичних оєіб, які вчинили єуєпільно небезпечне діяння, яке передбачено Кримінальним кодекєом України як злочин, та не визнаються суб’єктом злочину; та юридичних оєіб.
Статья посвящена рассмотрению одного из дискуссионных вопросов отечественного уголовного права - классификации мер уголовно- правового воздействия, поскольку в нормах Общей части действующего Уголовного кодекса Украины законодатель до сих пор не закрепил четкую систему указанных мер. В статье в качестве основания классификации рассматриваются признаки субъектов охранительных уголовно-правовых отношений. Проанализированы основания применения мер уголовно-правового воздействия в отношении физических лиц, которые совершили преступление и признаются субъектом преступления; физических лиц, совершивших общественно опасное деяние, предусмотренное Уголовным кодексом Украины как преступление, которое не признается субъектом преступления; и юридических лиц.
Measures of criminai iaw impact in the articie are ciassified taking into account attributes of subjects of protective criminal law relations. The system of measures of criminal law impact, which state responds to the committed crime with (socially dangerous act provided in the Criminal Code of Ukraine as a “crime”), taking into account characteristics of subjects of protective criminal law relations, consists of criminal liability being implemented through a system of certain forms, and subsystems of other measures of criminal law impact. The mechanism of implementation of criminal responsibility is being executed in respect of the subject of crime (general or special) and a special subject of criminal responsibility (for example, a minor, a pregnant woman, a person of retiring age, etc.). Commission by the subject of the relevant crime containing signs of a certain body provided for by the Special part of the Criminal Code of Ukraine constitutes the material basis for the implementation of criminal liability. The procedural basis for the implementation of criminal liability is a conviction entered into legal force (Part 1 Article 369, Part 2 Article 373 of the Criminal Procedural Code of Ukraine). The implementation of the mechanism of other criminal law impact is carried out by means of other criminal law measures against individuals, who are not recognized as subjects of the crime, but are subjects of protective criminal law relations, because they committed a socially dangerous act under the current Criminal Code of Ukraine translated as a “crime” (insane persons; those beyond the age from which criminal liability is incurred; minors beyond the age of maturity), and legal entities. Material basis for the implementation of other measures of a criminal law nature applied to individuals, who are not recognized as the subject of the crime, is the commission by a person of a socially dangerous act provided for by the current Criminal Code of Ukraine as a “crime”. The court’s decision is considered the procedural basis for the implementation of other criminal law measures (part 2 of Article 369 of the Criminal Procedure Code of Ukraine). Implementation of the mechanism of other criminal law measures against legal entities is carried out comply with part 1 of Article 96-6 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine, through the application of the following measures: penalty (Article 96-7 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine); forfeiture of property (Article 96-8 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine); liquidation (Article 96-9 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine). The material basis for the implementation of other criminal law measures against legal entities is the commission by its authorized person, on behalf and in the interests of a legal entity, of any of crimes provided for in paragraphs 1-4oftheArticle96-3ofthe Criminal Code of Ukraine. The procedural basis for the implementation of other criminal law measures against legal entities is the court’s decision on the application to a legal entity of measures of a criminal law nature contained in the verdict, which convicts an authorized natural person, who has committed a crime under paragraphs 1-4 of Article 96-3 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine, and who has acted on behalf of and in the interests of the legal entity (par. 5 subp. 2 p. 4 Article 374 of the Criminal Procedure Code of Ukraine). The article is finalized with the conclusion on the following: in connection with the chosen European integration course, the domestic legislator seeks to diversify the range of criminal law measures to expand the range of means of the state’s response to a socially dangerous act provided for in the Criminal Code of Ukraine as a “crime”. The studied measures of criminal law impact are scattered in the current Criminal Code of Ukraine in various sections, their legal nature and objectives are not clearly defined, which greatly complicates their enforcement
Статья посвящена рассмотрению одного из дискуссионных вопросов отечественного уголовного права - классификации мер уголовно- правового воздействия, поскольку в нормах Общей части действующего Уголовного кодекса Украины законодатель до сих пор не закрепил четкую систему указанных мер. В статье в качестве основания классификации рассматриваются признаки субъектов охранительных уголовно-правовых отношений. Проанализированы основания применения мер уголовно-правового воздействия в отношении физических лиц, которые совершили преступление и признаются субъектом преступления; физических лиц, совершивших общественно опасное деяние, предусмотренное Уголовным кодексом Украины как преступление, которое не признается субъектом преступления; и юридических лиц.
Measures of criminai iaw impact in the articie are ciassified taking into account attributes of subjects of protective criminal law relations. The system of measures of criminal law impact, which state responds to the committed crime with (socially dangerous act provided in the Criminal Code of Ukraine as a “crime”), taking into account characteristics of subjects of protective criminal law relations, consists of criminal liability being implemented through a system of certain forms, and subsystems of other measures of criminal law impact. The mechanism of implementation of criminal responsibility is being executed in respect of the subject of crime (general or special) and a special subject of criminal responsibility (for example, a minor, a pregnant woman, a person of retiring age, etc.). Commission by the subject of the relevant crime containing signs of a certain body provided for by the Special part of the Criminal Code of Ukraine constitutes the material basis for the implementation of criminal liability. The procedural basis for the implementation of criminal liability is a conviction entered into legal force (Part 1 Article 369, Part 2 Article 373 of the Criminal Procedural Code of Ukraine). The implementation of the mechanism of other criminal law impact is carried out by means of other criminal law measures against individuals, who are not recognized as subjects of the crime, but are subjects of protective criminal law relations, because they committed a socially dangerous act under the current Criminal Code of Ukraine translated as a “crime” (insane persons; those beyond the age from which criminal liability is incurred; minors beyond the age of maturity), and legal entities. Material basis for the implementation of other measures of a criminal law nature applied to individuals, who are not recognized as the subject of the crime, is the commission by a person of a socially dangerous act provided for by the current Criminal Code of Ukraine as a “crime”. The court’s decision is considered the procedural basis for the implementation of other criminal law measures (part 2 of Article 369 of the Criminal Procedure Code of Ukraine). Implementation of the mechanism of other criminal law measures against legal entities is carried out comply with part 1 of Article 96-6 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine, through the application of the following measures: penalty (Article 96-7 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine); forfeiture of property (Article 96-8 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine); liquidation (Article 96-9 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine). The material basis for the implementation of other criminal law measures against legal entities is the commission by its authorized person, on behalf and in the interests of a legal entity, of any of crimes provided for in paragraphs 1-4oftheArticle96-3ofthe Criminal Code of Ukraine. The procedural basis for the implementation of other criminal law measures against legal entities is the court’s decision on the application to a legal entity of measures of a criminal law nature contained in the verdict, which convicts an authorized natural person, who has committed a crime under paragraphs 1-4 of Article 96-3 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine, and who has acted on behalf of and in the interests of the legal entity (par. 5 subp. 2 p. 4 Article 374 of the Criminal Procedure Code of Ukraine). The article is finalized with the conclusion on the following: in connection with the chosen European integration course, the domestic legislator seeks to diversify the range of criminal law measures to expand the range of means of the state’s response to a socially dangerous act provided for in the Criminal Code of Ukraine as a “crime”. The studied measures of criminal law impact are scattered in the current Criminal Code of Ukraine in various sections, their legal nature and objectives are not clearly defined, which greatly complicates their enforcement
Опис
Ключові слова
заходи кримінально-правового впливу, кримінальна відповідальнієть, інші заходи кримінально-правового характеру, фізичні особи, юридичні особи, меры уголовно-правового воздействия, уголовная ответственность, иные меры уголовно-правового характера, физические лица, юридические лица, measures of criminal law impact, criminal liability, other criminal law measures, natural persons, legal entities
Бібліографічний опис
Юридичний науковий електронний жунал: електронне наукове фахове видання