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Документ Black Sea and Caspian Basins in Late Pleistocene: sea-level changes, climate and early human settlement(S.n, 2008) Dolukhanov, P. M.; Chepalyga, A. L.; Lavrentiev, N. V.; Kadurin, Serhii V.; Larchenkov, Yevhenii P.; Shkatova, V. KThe climate of northern Eurasia during the Middle Wiirm/Valdai 'megainterstadial' (OIS 3), which lasted from c. 58 to 23 ka, was cool and unstable, with at least five milder oscillations (including the 'Bryansk interstadial'). The estimated summer and winter temperatures in Eastern Europe were lower than today by 4-6°C and 4-10°C, and the annual precipitation, as low as 150-250 mm (Frenzel et al.,1992).Документ DYNAMICS OF THE COASTAL NORTH PONTIC AREA IN LATE PLEISTOCENE AND HOLOCENE AND EARLY HUMAN DISPERSAL(Rosselkhozakademiya Printing House, 2007) Dolukhanov, P. M.; Kadurin, Serhii V.; Larchenkov, Yevhenii P.The initial expansion of anatomically modern humans (АМН) and the spread of Upper Palaeolithic (UP) technologies in the Northern Black Sea area occurred during 40 - 25 k.y. BP. This process became further intensified during the LGM, 25-15 ka BP. Both these periods coincided with the 'transitional' and 'cold' phases of the Dansgaard-Oeschger (DO) cycles, and included at least three 'Henirich episodes' H4 (38 ka BP), H3 (31 ka BP) and H2 (24 ka BP). During all that time the Black Sea depression was taken up by the Neoeuxine fresh-water mega-lake with the Caspian type molluscan fauna. At 30-25 ka BP its level was 87-90 m below NN. The exposed shelf jointly with the North-Pontic Lowland south of the Dnepr formed a huge erosion-depositional plain, which included the Pra-Prut, Pra-Dniestr and Pra-Bug alluvial plain. Further to the south, lie the terraced alluvial plain, formed by the lower stretches of the Dnepr, Dniester and Danube with their extended marshy flood-plains, and separated by local watersheds. An actively developing low-lying deltaic accretion plain was located closer to the shelf outer rim. It consisted of numerous river branches with sand bars separating marshes and mires (Larchenkov, Kadurin 2005). UP sites of that age (such as Sagaidak 1, Anetovka 2, Amvrosievka, and Muralovka) are usually found inside deep valleys of the small river, which provided for natural protection in harsh environment (Stanko et al. 1989). This type of landscape were excessively rich in biomass, guaranteeing stable and diversified food resources. The common occurrence of similar landscapes makes one suggest, that similar settlements occurred in the actually submerged part of the shelf.